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Sudan
Sudan Home
A virtual guide to the formerly largest country in Africa. Sudan was separated in 2011 into Northern Sudan, officially the Republic of Sudan, with a predominantly Arab population and South Sudan, formerly the southern part of Sudan, now officially the Republic of South Sudan, with a majority population of people with a Black African heritage.
The country is situated in north-eastern Africa, between Egypt to the north and Eritrea, bordering the Red Sea in the northeast. It is also bordered by Libya in the north-west, by Chad in the west, by the Central African Republic in the south-west, by South Sudan in the south and by Ethiopia in the south-east, and it shares maritime borders with Saudi Arabia.
Sudan occupies an area of now 1,886,068 km², it is the 16th largest country in the world, more than five times the size of Germany, or slightly less than one-fifth the size of the USA.
Sudan has a population of 40 million people (in 2015 est.), The capital city is Khartoum, the largest city is Omdurman, Sudan's main port is Port Sudan. Spoken languages are Sudanese Arabic, the predominant language in the country, and Beja (Bedawi) spoken along the Red Sea.
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Official Name:
Jumhuriyat as-Sudan
Short form: As-Sudan
ISO Country Code: sd
Country Calling Code: +249
Capital City: Khartoum (pop. 1.4 million)
Other Cities: Omdurman (2.1 million), Port Sudan (pop. 450 000), Kassala, Kosti,
Juba, the capital of southern region.
Government:
Type: Provisional Government established by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed in January 2005.
Independence: 1 January 1956 (from the UK).
Geography:
Location: North-eastern Africa, south of Egypt, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea.
Area: 2.5 million km² (965,255 sq. mi.); North and South Sudan.
Terrain: Generally flat with mountains in east and west. The southern regions are inundated during the annual floods of the Nile River system.
Climate: Desert and savanna in the north and central regions and tropical in the south.